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AS/NZS 5033 AS/NZS 3000-2018
The Purpose of Array Earthing
Earthing the solar array frames and mounting rails serves two purposes: it limits the touch voltage on accessible metal parts if an insulation fault occurs, and it provides the reference earth for the inverter's GFD circuit. Both purposes are critical — and both can be defeated by incorrect earthing.
Correct Earthing of a Rooftop Array
Panel frame to rail bonding: Most modern solar panels have anodised aluminium frames. Anodised aluminium has an insulating oxide layer — bonding must be achieved through the mounting clamp that penetrates the anodising (stainless steel toothed washers or listed bonding clamps)
Rail bonding between sections: Rail sections that are jointed (overlap joiners) may not provide continuous electrical continuity — a dedicated bonding jumper (copper wire or flat braid) must bridge each joint
Rail to structure earth: The rail must be bonded to the building's main earth via a minimum 6 mm² copper conductor run alongside the DC string cables. Minimum one bonding point per array; two for arrays >20 m long
Structure earth confirmation: Verify the continuity from the most remote panel frame to the main earth bar with a low-resistance ohmmeter — maximum 1 Ω total
Common Earthing Mistakes
Using the same wire for both DC system earth reference and structural PE — in a transformerless inverter, these must be separate paths
Relying on the racking manufacturer's claim that the rail system is self-bonded — always test continuity after installation
Earthing only one end of a long rail run — if the bonding point is at the north end and a fault occurs at the south end, the fault current path includes the resistance of the entire rail, potentially exceeding the allowable touch voltage
Using a paint-coated or anodised L-foot bracket as the earth bond without penetrating the coating — creates an invisible open circuit in the earth path
Engr. Jason Morales — Founder, SolarEnergyPH
