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AS 1170.2
Racking Is the Structural Foundation of the Array
The racking system transfers all mechanical loads from the solar panels to the building structure. Choosing the correct racking system for the roof type, wind region, and panel configuration is a structural engineering decision — not just a procurement choice.
Racking System Types
System Type | Suitable Roofs | Wind Rating | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Tile hook / flashing rail | Terracotta tile, concrete tile, slate | Up to Region C with correctly engineered hooks | Hooks penetrate the tile course; flashing prevents water ingress. CEC requires listed hooks |
Metal roof clamp (clip-and-rail) | Corrugated iron, Colorbond, Zincalume, standing seam | Up to Region D with correct clamp selection | Clamps onto the rib or seam without penetrating the sheet — no waterproofing required |
L-foot bracket (through-fastener) | Any roof type | Up to Region D — strongest fixing method | Fastener penetrates through roof into rafter/purlin. Must be sealed with approved roofing sealant |
Ballasted (flat roof, no penetration) | Concrete flat roof, bitumen membrane | Up to Region B typically — wind tunnel testing required for Region C+ | Dead weight holds the array. Roof structure load must be verified for ballast weight |
Rafter-Finding and Fixing Depth
For pitched metal roofs, rafters or purlins are typically spaced at 600–900 mm centres. Roof screws or bolts must engage the rafter — not just the metal sheet. Minimum requirements:
Fixing into timber rafter: minimum 50 mm thread engagement, M8 or M10 coach bolt, minimum 2 fixings per rafter
Fixing into steel purlin: minimum 2× flange thickness engagement, M8 self-drilling screw to Class 4 corrosion rating, minimum 3 fixings per purlin
All metal fixings must be compatible with the roof material — stainless steel on Zincalume, aluminium or stainless on painted Colorbond
Engr. Jason Morales — Founder, SolarEnergyPH
