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AS 4777.3-2005
Grid Protection Settings — Why They Must Be Correct
Grid protection settings in a solar inverter are the last line of defence against islanding and against the inverter feeding current into a grid that is operating outside safe parameters. If the settings are wrong — too wide (insensitive), the inverter may operate when it should have tripped; too narrow (over-sensitive), the inverter may nuisance trip on normal voltage variations, causing unnecessary export loss.
AS 4777.3 Base Protection Settings
Protection Function | Setting (Vnom = 230 V) | Time Delay |
|---|---|---|
Under-voltage Stage 1 (V<) | 207 V (0.90 pu) | 2.0 s |
Under-voltage Stage 2 (V<<) | 184 V (0.80 pu) | 0.2 s |
Over-voltage Stage 1 (V>) | 253 V (1.10 pu) | 2.0 s |
Over-voltage Stage 2 (V>>) | 265 V (1.15 pu) | 0.1 s |
Under-frequency (F<) | 47 Hz | 1.0 s |
Over-frequency (F>) | 52 Hz | 1.0 s |
DNSP-Specific Adjustments
Individual DNSPs may require tighter settings than the AS 4777.3 base settings. For example, networks with high solar penetration may require Stage 1 over-voltage to be set at 244 V (1.06 pu) rather than 253 V. These settings must be:
Confirmed in the DNSP's network connection requirements document (publicly available on the DNSP's website)
Configured in the inverter at commissioning using the inverter's protected settings menu (requires an installer access code)
Verified using a protection relay test set or by monitoring the inverter's response to simulated out-of-range voltage conditions
Recorded on the commissioning form — inverter serial number, date, and settings applied
Engr. Jason Morales — Founder, SolarEnergyPH